MONITOR

Monitor :

A Monitor is an output device that displays visual information generated by a computer.it's essentially the screen you use to see the output of your computer, includimg text, images, vidoes, and graphics. 

Output Device :  

A monitror is a hardware devuce that takes information from the computer and displays it in a visual 

format 

Visual Display :

It provides a visual representation of the computer's internal processing, allowing users to interact with the computer.

Types : 

There are various types of monitors, including CRT ( Cathode Ray Tube ) , LCD ( Liquid Crystal Dispaly) and LED ( Light Emitting Diode ) monitors,each with different technologies and features.

Other Names : 

Monitors are also sometimes referred to as video display terminals or video display units.

HARD DISK

HARD DISK :

A hard disk drive (HDD), of ten referred to as a hard drive or hard disk,is a data storage device used in computers. It uses magnetic storage to store data, which can be accessed rapidly due to the mechanical components that spin the platters and move the read / write heads.

Data storage :

Hard drives are the primary way computers store information,including operating systems,applications,and user files.

Magnetic storage :

They use spinning platters with a magnetic coating where data is stored as magnetic patterns.

Read/Write Heads :

These heads move over the platters to read and write data.

Non-Volatile :

Unlike RAM,HDDs retain stored data even when the computer is powered off.

Capacity :

 Hard drives capacity is typically measured in gigabytes (GB) or terabytes (TB).

Components :

HDDs consist of platters,a spindle motor,read/write heads,and integrated electronics.

Access Speeds : 

While HDDs are reliable and offer large storage capacity,SSDs are generally faster due to their solid-state design, using flash memory instead of mechanical components.

RAM

  

RAM :

RAM or Random Access Memory, is the temporary memory in a computer that stores data and instructions the CPU is currently using. It's volatile meaning data is lost when the power is turned off. RAM is essential for fast and efficient computer operation because the CPU can access it much quicker than long-team storage like hard drives or SSDs.

Purpose :

RAM acts as the computer working memory storing data and instruction that the CPU needs to execute programs or processes.

Volatile :

Unlike hard drives or SSDs,RAM is volatile meaning it does not retain data when the power is turned off.

Speed :

RAM is significantly faster than long-term storage,allowing the CPU to access data and instruction very quickly resulting in smoother and faster program execution. 

COMPUTER SCIENCE

WHAT IS COMPUTER SCIENCE ?

Computer science is the study of computers,their theoretical foundations, and their practical application.It involves the design,development,a and analysis of algorithm, softwaer, hardware, and networks.Essentially, It's about understanding how computers work and how to use them to slove problems.

Core Concepts:

Algorithms : Computer Science heavily relies on algorithms, which are step-by-step procedures for solving problems.

Software : This includes the program and applications that computers use.

Hardware : This refers to the physical components of a computer,such as the CPU,RAM, and storage devices.

Networks : Computer science also deals with how computer connect and communicate with each other.

Data structures : These are ways of organizing and storing data efficiently.

Computational Theory : This involves the theoretical foundation of computation and what's possible to compute

AREA OF STUDY :

Software Engineering : Focuses on designing, developing,and maintaining software systems.

Artifical Intelligence (AI) : Involves creating intelligent agents that can learn and perform tasks.

Machine learing (ML) : A subset of AI where computers learn from data without explicit programming.

Cybersecurity : Focuses on protecting computer systems and networks from unauthorized access and cyberattacks.

Human-Computer Interaction(HCI) : Studies how users interact with computers and designs interfaces that are user-friendly.

Databases : Involves managing and organizing large amounts of data.

Computer Network :Deals with the design, implementation and management of computer networks.

 

COMPUTER

 HISTORY OF COMPUTER:

While the concept of computing has roots in ancient devices like the abacus 'modern computers emerged in the mid-20th century with the invention of the transistor and integrated circuits.

Early computer used vacuum tubes,which were later replaced by transistor and more powerful machines.

What is a computre?

A computer is an electronic device that processes data based on instruction,transforming raw input into useful information.

A computer is a propgrammable device that can perform a wide rande of tasks,from basic calculations to complex simulations.

It takes input(data or instructions),processes it according to a program, and outputs the result.

Computer store data and instruction in memory for later use.

FULL FORM OF COMPUTER:

C - COMMON

O-OPERTAING

M-MACHINE

P-PARTICULAR

U-USED FOR

T-TECHONLOGY 

E-EDUCATION

R-RESEARCH

KEY COMPONENTS:

HARDWARE:

The physical components of a computer,including the CPU (Central Processing Unit) memory storage device,input/output device(keyboard,monitor,mouse).

SOFTWARE:

The instruction that tell the hardware what to do.This includes the operating system and application software.

HOW ITS WORK;

1.Input: Data or instructions are entered into the computer through input devices.

2.Processing: The CPU executes the instruction and perform calculation or operating on the data.

3.Storage: Data and instruction can be stored in memory.

4.Output: The processed data is presented to the user through output device.  

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

 ABOUT AI 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a board field of computer science that focuses on creating machine capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.It invovles simulating human cognitive abilities like learing,program-solving,decision-making,and understanding.AI is used in various industries,such as healthcare,finance,and transportation,and has numerous application,including image recognition,natural language processing,and robotics.

Here's a more detailed look at what AI is:

Core Concepts:

Simulation of Human Intelligence:

AI aims to replicate human-like thinking processes,enabling machines to perforn tasts that require reasoning,learing,and understanding.

Machine Learning:

A Key subfield of AI, machine learning involves algorithms that allow machines to learn from data and improve their performance over time without explict programming.

Deep Learning:

A Further specialization within machine learning,deep learning uses artifical neural networks to analyze complex data and make predictions,like identifying patternd in image or text.

Natural Language Processing (NLP):

This area of AI focuses on enabling computers to understand,interret,and generate human language.

Robotics:

AI plays a crucial role in developing robots with advanced capabilities,such as navigation,manipulation,and decision-making.

Advantages and Disadvantages:

Advantages:

AI  can automate tasks,improve efficiency,enhance decision-makind,and solve complex problems.

Disadvantages:

AI  raises ethical concerns,poses potential job displacement,and reuires significant data and computational resources.

football

History and Origin: 

While early forms of football were played in various cultures,modern football originated in britain in the 19th century.

The football Association standardized the rules in 1863,which led to the development of the modern game

The game has since evolved and spread across the globe,becoming a global phenomenon.

football:

Football is a family of team sports where player attempt to score by kicking a ball into a desingnated goal area. it's a globally popular game,with various forms like association football (soccer).American football,and rugby, each with unique rules and variations.

Goal scoring:                                                                                 The primary objective is to score points by getting the ball into the opponent's goal.

Teamwork:

Football is a team sports,requiring players to coordinate and strategize to move the ball and defend their own goal.